Ukuze kuqhutshekwe kuthuthukiswe ukuthandwa kwesayensi yokuvimbela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kwabesifazane abaneminyaka efanele futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga lezempilo labesifazane, umbukiso wokuqala wenkulumo yokuvimbela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho onendikimba ethi “impilo enhle, isigaba esihle sesigodlo, indima eholayo yokuthandwa kwesayensi. ” ivulwe eBeijing.U-Tan Xianjie, udokotela oyinhloko we-gynecology and obstetrics e-Beijing Union Medical College Hospital, u-Zou Shien, udokotela oyinhloko we-gynecology kanye ne-obstetrics we-Fudan University Affiliated Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, kanye no-Chen Qiuping, inhloko yomnyango wokunakekelwa kwezempilo e-Liulitun Community Health Service Centre. , Isifunda sase-Chaoyang, e-Beijing, sathatha isiteji ukuze sandise ulwazi lwesifo somdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho nokuvimbela emphakathini ngendlela entsha namagama ahlekisayo, okusiza ukusheshisa ukuqedwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.
Izinga lokutholakala komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho liyakhuphuka, okubonisa ukuthambekela kwabancane
Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho uyisimila esiyingozi esivamile kwabesifazane.Ngo-2020, kuzoba nezigameko ezintsha ezibalelwa ku-604000 zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kanye nokufa okungu-342000 emhlabeni jikelele.Ngo-2020, cishe zingu-110 000 izigameko ezintsha zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho eChina, kanti isibalo sabashonile silinganiselwa ku-59000, okubalelwa ku-18% wezigameko zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho emhlabeni wonke kanye no-17% wabo bonke abashonile ngenxa yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.Njengoba intuthuko yezomnotho nenhlalakahle yaseShayina, ukuthuthuka kwezimboni kanye nokukhula kwezindawo zasemadolobheni kuqhubeka ngesivinini, futhi indawo yokuhlala nendlela yokuphila yezakhamuzi ishintsha ngokushesha, izinga lokutholakala komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho liyaqhubeka landa, libonisa ukuthambekela kwentsha, futhi isilinganiso seminyaka siyaqhubeka nokuncipha.
Ngo-2020, iWorld Health Organisation yamemezela Isu Lomhlaba Lokusheshisa Ukuqedwa Komdlavuza Womlomo Wesibeletho.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iShayina igxile kakhulu empilweni yabesifazane futhi yasebenzisa ngenkuthalo izinqubomgomo nezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokunqanda umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.NgoJanuwari 2023, Ikhomishana Yezempilo Kazwelonke kanye neminye iminyango eyi-10 yakhipha Isaziso Sokuphrinta Nokusabalalisa Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lokusheshisa Ukuqedwa Komdlavuza Womlomo Wesibeletho (2023-2030), okwaveza ngokusobala ukuthi ngo-2030, umsebenzi wokuhlola wokugomela i-HPV amantombazane asafunda azoqhubeka nokukhushulelwa esikhundleni;Izinga lokuhlolelwa umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kwabesifazane abaneminyaka yesikole lafinyelela ku-70%;Izinga lokwelashwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kanye nezilonda eziyingozi zifinyelele ku-90%.
U-Tan Xianjie waveza ukuthi nakuba umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho uyingozi, empeleni kunamathuba amathathu okuwuvimbela, okungukuthi, ukuvimbela amazinga amathathu, okungukuthi, ukuvimbela okuyinhloko ukunciphisa ukutheleleka kwe-HPV ngokugoma umgomo we-HPV kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo, ukuvimbela okwesibili kuya ngesikhathi. thola futhi ubhekane nezilonda eziyingozi ngokuhlola umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, nokuvimbela imfundo ephakeme ukuze uhlinzwe kanye ne-radiotherapy yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho oqinisekisiwe.
Chaza ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ungabambeleli emuthini wokugomela i-HPV onenani eliphezulu
I-China iyizwe elinenombolo enkulu yemithi yokugomela i-HPV egunyaziwe emhlabeni.Kunemithi yokugomela i-HPV emihlanu kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engu-9 kuya kwengama-45 ubudala, okuhlanganisa nomuthi wokugomela i-HPV ovela emazweni angaphandle, umuthi wokugomela i-HPV enamavalent amane, umuthi wokugomela i-HPV wama-valent ayisishiyagalolunye kanye nemijovo emibili yasekhaya ye-HPV.Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2020, isibalo sokugoma i-HPV e-China sanda unyaka nonyaka, sisuka kumithamo eyizigidi ezingu-3.417 ngo-2018 saya kumithamo eyizigidi ezingu-12.279 ngo-2020, kodwa izinga lokugoma lisadinga ukuthuthukiswa.
U-Zou Shien uthe abanye abangani besifazane baphikelela ekulindeni umgomo we-HPV onenani eliphezulu esikhundleni sokugoma, ngakho baphuthelwe “isikhathi esihle” sokuvimbela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.Kufanele sikugweme ngokumpumputhe ukulinda imithi yokugomela i-HPV enenani eliphezulu, engeke ikufanelekele ukulahlekelwa uma uthelelekile ngesikhathi sokulinda.Kufanele sikhuthaze umphakathi ukuthi uhambisane nomgomo “wokugoma kusenesikhathi nokuvikela kusenesikhathi”, futhi ukhethe ngokuguquguquka ngokuya ngezinsiza zokugoma kanye nezimo zawo zomnotho.
E-China, ngaphezu kwama-84.5% wezigameko ze-cervical squamous cell carcinoma zihlotshaniswa nokutheleleka kwe-HPV yohlobo lwe-16 no-18.Mayelana nalokhu, u-Zou Shien waveza ukuthi i-HPV16 kanye ne-HPV18 yizinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu zezinhlobo ze-HPV ezisengozini enkulu, futhi imigomo ye-HPV ye-bivalent, i-four-valent kanye ne-nine-valent ye-HPV ingakhavwa.Ukugonywa komgomo we-HPV we-bivalent kungavimbela iningi lomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kanye nezilonda eziyingozi, futhi ukuvimbela umdlavuza "kwanele".Akunandaba ukuthi iyiphi intengo yomgomo, ukugoma kusenesikhathi “kuyigugu”.
Sheshisa ukugoma esemncane futhi uthuthukise umugqa oyinhloko wokuvikela nokuvikela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho
“Njengomgcinisango” wezempilo yezakhamizi, isikhungo sezempilo somphakathi esisemazingeni aphansi sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho emazingeni aphansi.Ngokwenza imisebenzi efana nokuthandwa kwesayensi yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kanye nokugonyelwa i-HPV, isabalalisa ulwazi lwesayensi yomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho, olungile futhi osebenzayo futhi ithuthukisa izinga lokugoma lomgomo we-HPV.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokugomela i-HPV kwabesifazane abasafunda isikole nakho kungomunye wemisebenzi ebalulekile yomnyango wokunakekelwa kwezempilo wesikhungo sezempilo somphakathi.
U-Chen Qiuping waveza ukuthi okwamanje, izikhungo zezempilo zomphakathi zingagoma imithi yokugomela i-HPV evela kwamanye amazwe kanye neyasekhaya;Ngesikhathi esifanayo sezifo zesayensi ezidumile, ngosizo lwenkundla yokubhuka ye-inthanethi, abantu abaningi abadinga ukugonywa ngomgomo we-HPV bazonikezwa isiteshi sokubhuka esisheshayo.Siza ukusheshisa ukuqedwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ngokuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa izinsiza zokugomela i-HPV."Siphinde sikhumbuze abesifazane beminyaka efanele ukuthi banciphise ukungabaza kwabo okuhlobene nokugoma futhi bagweme ukuphuthelwa isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokugoma ngenxa yokuphikelela ekulindeni imigomo ye-HPV ebiza kakhulu."
Njengamanje, isifo somdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho siya ngokuya siba sincane, futhi abesifazane abaningi sebeqalile ukuletha izingane zabo ukuzobonisana ngokugonyelwa i-HPV.Ephendula, u-Chen Qiuping uthe umqulu wesikhundla ngomgomo we-HPV okhishwe yi-World Health Organization ugcizelele ukuthi abantu abahlosiwe ngokugonyelwa i-HPV kwakungamantombazane aneminyaka engu-9 kuya kweyi-14 ubudala, futhi imithamo emibili yomgomo we-HPV yanconywa.Le ndlela yokugoma iyonga kakhulu futhi iwusizo, ebaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni ngcono ukufinyeleleka komgomo nezinga lokugoma.
Ukuvimbela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho akufanele kube "isibhamu esisodwa", kodwa kufanele kuhambisane nokuhlolwa okuvamile
Emuva kokuvimbela okuyinhloko ngomgomo we-HPV, kuhlanganiswe nokuhlolelwa umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho okuvamile ukuze kuvikelwe okwesibili, kubalulekile futhi ukuvimba izilonda zomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlavuza kanye nasekuqaleni komdlavuza.Umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungahlolwa ngokuhlolwa kwe-HPV yomlomo wesibeletho kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-TCT (ukuhlolwa kwamaseli ongqimba oluncane olusekelwe oketshezini).Ukuze kutholakale izilonda ezidala umdlavuza wesibeletho kanye nomdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-25 baya ocansini kufanele bahlolwe njalo.Bangaya emnyangweni wesibeletho, umnyango wezifo zabesifazane noma umnyango wezempilo yabesifazane esibhedlela futhi benze uhlelo lokuhlola ngokwezincomo zikadokotela.
U-Tan Xianjie uthe ukuvimbela umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho akufanele kube "isibhamu esisodwa".Abesifazane abaseminyakeni efanelekile eya ocansini nabo badinga ukuhlolelwa umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ngemva kokuqeda ukugonyelwa i-HPV.Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukuthi uhlole kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili futhi ulungise imvamisa ngokuya ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqala.Ukuhlonzwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho kungasiza iziguli ukuthi zisheshe ziqede lesi sifo futhi kwehlise izinga lokufa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.U-Zou Shien uphinde waphakamisa ukuthi asikho isidingo sokwethuka lapho ukutheleleka nge-HPV noma izilonda zomlomo wesibeletho kutholakala, vele uye esikhungweni sezokwelapha esivamile.Ukuthi ungenwe yi-HPV noma cha, umdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho ungavinjelwa ngokugonyelwa i-HPV kuhlanganiswe nokuhlolwa komdlavuza womlomo wesibeletho.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-17-2023