Ingxabano yaseRussia ne-Uzbekistan yadala inkinga yamandla
Ngo-February 24, 2022, ingxabano yaseRussia ne-Uzbekistan, osekuyiminyaka eyisishiyagalombili, yashuba kungazelelwe.Kamuva, amazwe asentshonalanga aqala ukufaka unswinyo olunzima eRussia, okwaholela ekungeneni komhlaba ezinkingeni eziningi.Ekuqaleni kokudlondlobala kwengxabano, kwaqubuka inkinga yamandla emhlabeni wonke.Phakathi kwazo, inkinga yamandla eYurophu ibaluleke kakhulu.Ngaphambi kokubhebhetheka kwengxabano yaseRussia-Uzbekistan, amandla aseYurophu ayencike kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe kweRussia.NgoMashi 2022, ngaphansi kwethonya lokungqubuzana kweRussia-Uzbekistan, ukwehla kwamandla emali nezinye izinto eziningi, kwaqubuka inkinga yamandla aseYurophu, kanye nezinkomba eziningi ezibalulekile zentengo yempahla yamandla njengentengo kawoyela wamazwe omhlaba, intengo yegesi yemvelo yaseYurophu, kanye nentengo kagesi yaseYurophu enkulu. amazwe anda, futhi afinyelela umvuthwandaba ngezinsuku eziyishumi zokuqala zenyanga.
Inkinga yamandla aseYurophu, engakaxazululwa, ibeka inselele enkulu ekuvikelekeni kwamandla aseYurophu, iphazamisa kakhulu inqubo yokuguqulwa kwamandla eYurophu, futhi ibangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yamakhemikhali yaseYurophu.
Amanani kawoyela negesi emhlabeni wonke akhuphuke kakhulu
Omunye wemiphumela eqondile yokungqubuzana kweRussia-Uzbekistan ukuthi imakethe kawoyela negesi ngo-2022 izofana “ne-roller coaster”, enokwehla nokwenyuka unyaka wonke, okuthinta kakhulu imakethe yamakhemikhali.
Emakethe yegesi yemvelo, ngoMashi nangoSepthemba 2022, “ukunyamalala” kwegesi yemvelo yepayipi laseRussia kwaphoqa amazwe aseYurophu ukuba afune igesi yemvelo ewuketshezi (LNG) emhlabeni.IJapan, iSouth Korea namanye amazwe angenisa i-LNG nawo asheshisa ukuqoqwa kwawo kwegesi, futhi imakethe ye-LNG yayishoda.Kodwa-ke, ngokuqedwa kwendawo yokugcina igesi yemvelo eYurophu kanye nobusika obufudumele eYurophu, intengo ye-LNG yomhlaba wonke kanye nentengo yendawo yegesi yemvelo kokubili kwehle kakhulu ngoDisemba 2022.
Emakethe kawoyela, abadlali abakhulu bemakethe bahlala behamba.Umfelandawonye we-OPEC+wokunciphisa umkhiqizo oholwa yi-Saudi Arabia wenze isinqumo sokuqala sokwandisa umkhiqizo okokuqala ngqa eminyakeni emibili emhlanganweni ovamile wokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa ngoJuni 2022. Nokho, ngo-December 2022, i-OPEC+ isikhethe ukugcina ukuncipha kokukhiqiza okukhona. inqubomgomo.Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-United States yamemezela ukukhululwa kwezinqolobane zikawoyela wamasu futhi yafinyelela isivumelwano namanye amalungu e-OECD ukuze kukhululwe izinqolobane zikawoyela ongahluziwe.Intengo kawoyela yamazwe ngamazwe ikhuphuke kakhulu yafinyelela ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu kusukela ngo-2008 ekuqaleni kukaMashi 2022, futhi yazinza ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kwezinga eliphezulu engxenyeni yesibili ka-2022. Maphakathi noJuni 2022, kwaba nelinye igagasi lokushaqeka nokwehla, futhi ekupheleni kukaNovemba 2022, yehlela ezingeni likaFebhuwari wonyaka ofanayo.
Amabhizinisi e-petrochemical amaningi ahoxa emakethe yaseRussia
Ngokukhula kwengxabano yaseRussia-Uzbekistan, izinkampani ezinkulu ze-petrochemical zasentshonalanga zanquma ukuhoxisa emakethe yaseRussia emazingeni okuthengisa nokukhiqiza ngezindleko zokulahlekelwa okukhulu.
Embonini kawoyela, ukulahlekelwa okuphelele okutholwe yimboni kufinyelele ku-US $ 40.17 billion, okuyi-BP enkulu kunazo zonke.Amanye amabhizinisi, afana noShell, alahlekelwe cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.9 ngesikhathi ehoxa eRussia.
Ngasikhathi sinye, amabhizinisi ezizwe ngezizwe embonini yamakhemikhali nawo ahoxa emakethe yaseRussia ngezinga elikhulu.Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-BASF, i-Dow, i-DuPont, i-Solvay, i-Klein, njll.
Inkinga kamanyolo yomhlaba wonke iya ngokuya iba yimbi
Ngokukhula kwengxabano yaseRussia-Uzbekistan, intengo yegesi yemvelo ikhuphukile futhi ukunikezwa kufushane, futhi intengo yokwenziwa kwe-ammonia nomanyolo we-nitrogen osuselwa kugesi yemvelo nayo ithintekile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba iRussia neBelarus zingabathengisi ababalulekile bomanyolo we-potash emhlabeni, intengo yomhlaba wonke kamanyolo we-potash nayo ihlala iphezulu ngemuva kwezigwegwe.Ngokushesha ngemva kokudlondlobala kwengxabano yaseRussia ne-Uzbekistan, kwalandela inkinga yomhlaba kamanyolo.
Ngemuva kokukhula kwengxabano yaseRussia ne-Uzbekistan, intengo kamanyolo yomhlaba wonke ngokuvamile yahlala iphezulu kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaMashi kuya ku-Ephreli 2022, kwase kudamba inkinga kamanyolo ngokwanda kokukhiqizwa kukamanyolo e-United States, Canada nakwamanye amazwe akhiqiza umanyolo.Kodwa-ke, kuze kube manje, inkinga yomhlaba wonke kamanyolo ayikasuswa, futhi izitshalo eziningi zokukhiqiza umanyolo eYurophu zisavaliwe.Inkinga kamanyolo emhlabeni wonke isiphazamise kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo okuvamile eYurophu, eNingizimu ye-Asia, e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika, okuphoqe amazwe athintekayo ukuba asebenzise izindleko eziphakeme ukukhulisa umanyolo, kanye nokufaka isandla ngokungaqondile ekukhuphukeni kwamandla emali emhlabeni wonke.
Ukuvimbela nokulawulwa kokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kungenisa isikhashana somlando
Ngomhla zi-2 kuNdasa wezi-2022 ngesikhathi sendawo, engqungqutheleni eqalwe kabusha yeNgqungquthela Yesihlanu Yezemvelo Yenhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene, eyayibanjelwe eNairobi, abameleli abavela emazweni angu-175 bagunyaza isinqumo esiyingqopha-mlando, iSinqumo Sokuqeda Ukungcola Kwepulasitiki (Okusalungiswa).Kungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba ufinyelele esivumelwaneni sokunqanda inkinga yepulasitiki eyandayo.Nakuba lesi sinqumo singazange sibeke phambili uhlelo oluthile lokuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, kuseyingqopha-mlando ekuphenduleni komphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe enkingeni yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki.
Ngokulandelayo, ngoNovemba 28, 2022, abameleli bamazwe angaphezu kuka-190 nezifunda babambe izingxoxo zokuqala phakathi kohulumeni mayelana nokulawulwa kokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki e-Cape Ester, kanye nokulawulwa kokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki emhlabeni wonke kwafakwa ohlelweni.
Izinkampani zikawoyela zithole inzuzo ephezulu
Ngenxa yokwenyuka okukhulu kwamanani kawoyela emhlabeni wonke, izinkampani zikawoyela emhlabeni wonke ziphinde zenza inzuzo emangalisayo ezingxenyeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2022, lapho idatha isikhishiwe.
Isibonelo, i-ExxonMobil ithole inzuzo erekhodiwe engxenyeni yesithathu ka-2022, ngemali engenayo engama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-19.66, imali engenayo ephindwe kabili yesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2021. I-Chevron ithole inzuzo ye-US $ 11.23 billion engxenyeni yesithathu 2022, eduze nerekhodi lezinga lenzuzo lekota edlule.ISaudi Aramco izophinde ibe yinkampani enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ngenani lemakethe ngo-2022.
Izikhondlakhondla zikawoyela ezenza imali eningi zidonse ukunaka emhlabeni.Ikakhulukazi esimweni soguquko lwamandla omhlaba oluvinjwe inkinga yamandla, inzuzo enkulu eyenziwe imboni yamandla ensalela yadala inkulumompikiswano eshubile yezenhlalo.Amazwe amaningi ahlela ukukhokhisa intela ye-windfall kwinzuzo ye-windfall yamabhizinisi kawoyela.
Amabhizinisi ezizwe ngezizwe anesisindo esikhulu emakethe yaseShayina
NgoSepthemba 6, 2022, i-BASF yabamba umcimbi wokwakhiwa okuphelele nokukhiqizwa kwesethi yokuqala yamadivayisi kusizinda esihlanganisiwe se-BASF (Guangdong) etshalwe yi-BASF eZhanjiang, e-Guangdong.I-BASF (i-Guangdong) isisekelo esihlanganisiwe bekulokhu kugxilwe kuso.Ngemva kokuba iyunithi yokuqala isifakwe ngokusemthethweni ekukhiqizweni, i-BASF izokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamathani angu-60000/ngonyaka wamapulasitiki obunjiniyela alungisiwe, angahlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo samakhasimende, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni yezimoto kanye nemikhiqizo kagesi.Enye isethi yemishini yokukhiqiza i-thermoplastic polyurethane izosetshenziswa ngo-2023. Esigabeni sakamuva sephrojekthi, izinsimbi ezengeziwe ezingaphansi komfula zizonwetshwa.
Ngo-2022, esimweni senhlekelele yomhlaba wonke yamandla kanye nokwehla kwamandla emali, amabhizinisi ezizwe ngezizwe aqhubeka nokusebenza eChina.Ngaphezu kwe-BASF, amabhizinisi ezizwe ngezizwe kaphethroli anjenge-ExxonMobil, INVIDIA kanye ne-Saudi Aramco andisa utshalomali lwawo e-China.Lapho bebhekene nezinxushunxushu nezinguquko emhlabeni, amabhizinisi ezizwe ngezizwe athe azimisele ukuba abatshalizimali besikhathi eside eChina futhi azothuthuka kancane kancane emakethe yaseShayina enezinhloso zesikhathi eside.
Imboni yamakhemikhali yaseYurophu manje inciphisa ukukhiqizwa
Ngo-Okthoba 2022, lapho intengo kawoyela negesi eYurophu yayiphezulu kakhulu futhi ukunikezwa kuyindlala kakhulu, imboni yamakhemikhali yaseYurophu yahlangabezana nobunzima bokusebenza obungakaze bubonwe.Izintengo zamandla ezikhuphukayo zikhuphule izindleko zokukhiqiza zamabhizinisi aseYurophu, futhi awekho amandla anele ohlelweni lokukhiqiza.Eminye imikhiqizo ayinazo izinto zokusetshenziswa ezibalulekile, okuholela esinqumweni esivamile seziqhwaga zamakhemikhali zaseYurophu ukunciphisa noma ukumisa ukukhiqizwa.Phakathi kwazo kukhona imidondoshiya yamakhemikhali aphesheya njengeDow, Costron, BASF kanye neLongsheng.
Isibonelo, i-BASF yanquma ukumisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-ammonia yokwenziwa futhi yehlise ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo embonini yayo yaseLudwigsport.I-Total Energy, i-Costron namanye amabhizinisi anqume ukuvala imigqa yokukhiqiza.
Ohulumeni balungisa amasu kagesi
Ngo-2022, umhlaba uzobhekana nenselelo yochungechunge oluqinile lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, amandla okukhiqiza izingxenye zezimboni azophazamiseka, ukuhweba ngemikhumbi kuzobambezeleka, futhi izindleko zamandla zizoba phezulu.Lokhu kuholele ekutheni amandla omoya kanye nokufakwa kwe-photovoltaic emazweni amaningi kube ngaphansi kunalokho obekulindelwe.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, evinjelwa inkinga yamandla, amazwe amaningi aqala ukufuna ukunikezwa kwamandla okuphuthumayo okuthembekile.Kulokhu, ukuguqulwa kwamandla emhlabeni jikelele kuvinjiwe.EYurophu, ngenxa yenkinga yamandla kanye nezindleko zamandla amasha, amazwe amaningi aqala ukusebenzisa amalahle njengomthombo wamandla futhi.
Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, uguquko lwamandla omhlaba lusaqhubeka.Ngokombiko we-International Energy Agency, njengoba amazwe amaningi eqala ukusheshisa ukuguqulwa kwamandla, imboni yamandla ahlanzekile emhlabeni wonke isingene esikhathini sokuthuthuka ngokushesha, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi avuselelekayo kulindeleke ukuthi kwenyuke ngama-20% ngo-2022. izinga lokukhula kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni dioxide emhlabeni wonke ngo-2022 kulindeleke ukuthi lehle lisuka ku-4% ngo-2021 liye ku-1%.
Uhlelo lokuqala lwe-carbon tariff emhlabeni lwaphuma
Ngomhla ziyi-18 kuZibandlela 2022, iPhalamende LaseYurophu kanye namazwe angamalungu e-EU avumelana ngokushintsha ngokuphelele imakethe yekhabhoni ye-EU, okuhlanganisa nokwethulwa kwezintela zekhabhoni.Ngokohlelo lwezinguquko, i-EU izokhokhisa ngokusemthethweni izintela zekhabhoni kusukela ngo-2026, futhi yenze umsebenzi wokulinga kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2023 kuya ekupheleni kukaDisemba 2025. Ngaleso sikhathi, izindleko zokukhishwa kwekhabhoni zizobekwa kubangenisi bangaphandle.Embonini yamakhemikhali, umanyolo uzoba yimboni yokuqala encane ukukhokhisa amanani e-carbon.
I-JinDun Chemicalizibophezele ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwama-acrylate monomers akhethekile namakhemikhali akhethekile ahlanzekile aqukethe i-fluorine.I-JinDun Chemical inezimboni zokucubungula ze-OEM e-Jiangsu, e-Anhui nakwezinye izindawo eziye zabambisana amashumi eminyaka, ihlinzeka ngokusekela okuqinile kwezinkonzo zokukhiqiza ezenziwe ngokwezifiso zamakhemikhali akhethekile.JinDun UChemical uphikelela ekudaleni iqembu elinamaphupho, enze imikhiqizo enesithunzi, ecophelelayo, eqinile, futhi aphume konke ukuze abe uzakwethu othembekile kanye nomngane wamakhasimende!Zama ukwenzaizinto ezintsha zamakhemikhaliukuletha ikusasa elingcono emhlabeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-28-2023